ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n Maduro\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131 iddias\u0131 sonras\u0131 y\u00fckselen gerilim, ABD\u2019nin Latin Amerika\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik tarihsel m\u00fcdahalelerini yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Bu m\u00fcdahalelerin zemini, 1823\u2019te Monroe Doktrini\u2019yle at\u0131ld\u0131 ve sonraki ba\u015fkanlarca me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren ABD, ideolojik tehditler ve ekonomik\u2013jeopolitik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ad\u0131na \u00f6zellikle yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde asker\u00ee g\u00fcce daha s\u0131k ba\u015fvurdu.\u0130\u015fte K\u00fcba’dan Haiti’ye, Dominik’ten Brezilya’ya kadar Amerikan ya\u011fmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131…ABD’nin Orta Amerika’da Guatemala, Nikaragua, Honduras ve Panama’ya m\u00fcdahaleleriABD, Guatemala’da 1954’te d\u00f6nemin se\u00e7ilmi\u015f Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jacobo Arbenz Guzman’\u0131n g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131nda rol oynad\u0131.Guzman’\u0131n ABD merkezli firmalar\u0131 etkileyecek tedbirler i\u00e7eren toprak reformu planlar\u0131 so\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6nemindeki Washington y\u00f6netimini tela\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131.Eski ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Dwight Eisenhower d\u00f6neminde Merkezi \u0130stihbarat Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (CIA), Guzman’\u0131n devrilmesine ve Carlos Castillo Armas y\u00f6netiminde ordu destekli h\u00fck\u00fcmetin kurulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an darbeyi destekledi.Darbenin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 36 y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u00e7 sava\u015f, Guatemala’da y\u00fcz binlerce ki\u015finin kaybolmas\u0131na ya da \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131.ABD’nin Nikaragua’ya m\u00fcdahalesi, \u00fclkenin en uzun s\u00fcren m\u00fcdahalelerinden biriydi.19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan 1930’lara kadar ABD askerleri s\u0131k s\u0131k Nikaragua’ya girerek 40 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre \u00fclkeyi "diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckle" y\u00f6neten Somoza ailesini destekledi.Ayr\u0131ca ABD kuvvetleri 1900’lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 tar\u0131m \u015firketlerini korumak amac\u0131yla Honduras’a bir\u00e7ok kez m\u00fcdahalelerde bulundu. Bu eylemlerin Honduras’ta sivil y\u00f6netimi zay\u0131flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ordu kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 George H. W. Bush d\u00f6neminde, uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla su\u00e7lanan d\u00f6nemin Panama lideri Manuel Antonio Noriega’y\u0131 devirmek amac\u0131yla Aral\u0131k 1989’da Panama i\u015fgal edildi.O d\u00f6nem uyu\u015fturucu ticareti ve para aklama su\u00e7lamalar\u0131yla ABD’li yetkililerin pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Noriega daha sonra ABD’ye iade edilmi\u015f, Fransa’da hapse girmi\u015f ve daha sonra geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Panama’da 2017’de hapishanede hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015fti.ABD’nin Panama i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda 23 askeri \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcKarayipler’de K\u00fcba, Haiti ve Grenada’daki ABD m\u00fcdahaleleriABD ve K\u00fcba aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler, 1959’da Fidel Castro’nun, Washington’\u0131n destek verdi\u011fi Fulgencio Batista rejimini devirerek iktidara gelmesinin ard\u0131ndan bozulmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.Eski Ba\u015fkan John F. Kennedy d\u00f6neminde ABD, 1961’de Castro’yu devirmek i\u00e7in K\u00fcbal\u0131 muhaliflerin Domuzlar K\u00f6rfezi \u00c7\u0131karmas\u0131’n\u0131 destekledi.Domuzlar K\u00f6rfezi \u00c7\u0131karmas\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131 K\u00fcba’n\u0131n o d\u00f6nem, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’ne d\u00f6n\u00fck politika benimsemesi so\u011fuk sava\u015f s\u00fcresince Karayipler’deki gerilimi art\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Washington ve Havana aras\u0131nda on y\u0131llar s\u00fcrecek gerilim artt\u0131.ABD, 1915’ten 1934’e kadar s\u00fcren \u00fclkenin en uzun i\u015fgallerinden biri olarak bilinen m\u00fcdahalesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Haiti’yi bir\u00e7ok kez i\u015fgal etti.Haiti Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jean Vilbrun Guillaume Sam’in 1915’te suikasta u\u011framas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00f6nemin ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Woodrow Wilson, "Karaipler’de d\u00fczeni sa\u011flamak ve siyasi ile ekonomik istikrar\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek" amac\u0131yla donanma birliklerini \u00fclkeye g\u00f6nderdi.ABD, 1991’de Jean-Bertrand Aristide’nin darbeyle devrilmesi ve askeri y\u00f6netimin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan "demokrasiyi korumak" i\u00e7in 1994’te m\u00fcdahalede bulundu.Ancak \u00fclkedeki ayaklanma, uluslararas\u0131 bask\u0131 ve ABD, Kanada ve Fransa gibi d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahalesiyle \u015eubat 2004’te Aristide g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131ld\u0131.Sosyalist Maurice Bishop’un hareketinin liderli\u011findeki Grenada h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve ABD aras\u0131nda gerilim y\u00fcksek seviyedeydi.ABD ve Karayipler \u00fclkelerinden olu\u015fan bir koalisyon, 1983’te bu \u00fclkedeki askeri h\u00fck\u00fcmeti devirmek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ti.D\u00f6nemin ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ronald Reagan liderli\u011finde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen i\u015fgal kapsam\u0131nda Grenadal\u0131 ve K\u00fcbal\u0131 askeri personele kar\u015f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 bin birlik ve denizci konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.ABD’li ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 William G. Ratliff, bir makalede, Washington’\u0131n "Sovyetler ve K\u00fcba’n\u0131n \u00fcss\u00fc haline gelmesinden endi\u015fe etti\u011fi i\u00e7in Grenada’ya m\u00fcdahalede bulundu\u011funu" yazd\u0131.Al\u0131koydu\u011fu Haitilinin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kan ABD askeri Dominik CumhuriyetiKarayip \u00fclkesi Dominik Cumhuriyeti’nde 1960’larda ordunun devrim yanl\u0131s\u0131 Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Juan Bosch’u devirerek y\u00f6netimi ele ge\u00e7irmesinin ard\u0131ndan i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.D\u00f6nemin ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Lyndon Johnson, Dominik Cumhuriyeti’nin "yeni bir K\u00fcba" olma riski ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc.Bir yandan so\u011fuk sava\u015f s\u00fcrerken \u00fclkenin y\u00f6netimine solcu bir liderin gelece\u011finden endi\u015felenen ABD, Nisan 1965’te Dominik Cumhuriyeti’ni binlerce asker g\u00f6ndererek i\u015fgal etti.ABD’nin askeri m\u00fcdahalede bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkedeki i\u00e7 sava\u015f sona erdi ve 1966’da d\u00fczenlenen Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinde muhafazakar Joaquin Balaguer galip geldi.G\u00fcney AmerikaUzmanlar, ABD’nin G\u00fcney Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131na m\u00fcdahalelerinin do\u011frudan askeri i\u015fgaller yerine daha \u00e7ok gizli operasyonlar, diplomatik bask\u0131 ve belirli askeri y\u00f6netimlere destek verme yoluyla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.ABD’nin 1970’ler boyunca \u015eili’de, Arjantin’de, Uruguay’da, Brezilya’da, Bolivya’da ve Paraguay’da destek verdi\u011fi askeri y\u00f6netimler, "Condor Operasyonu" arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparak k\u0131ta genelinde muhalif siyaset\u00e7ileri hedef ald\u0131.ABD’nin 1970 ila 1973’te gizli operasyonlar ve ekonomik bask\u0131larla \u015eili’de d\u00f6nemin Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Salvador Allende’nin h\u00fck\u00fcmetini iktidars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sosyalist liderin, askeri diktat\u00f6r Augusto Pinochet’in ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi darbeyle devrilmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ar\u015fivindeki belgelere g\u00f6re, ABD’nin \u015eili’de ge\u00e7mi\u015fi \u00e7ok eskiye uzanan gizli operasyonlar kapsam\u0131nda, \u00fclkedeki se\u00e7imlerde belirli adaylara fon sa\u011fland\u0131, Allende kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 propagandalar yay\u0131mland\u0131 ve darbeleri desteklemenin olas\u0131 katk\u0131lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirmeler yap\u0131ld\u0131.Brezilya’da ise 1964’te d\u00f6nemin Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joao Goulart’\u0131n devrilmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanan darbe, ABD taraf\u0131ndan desteklendi.ABD’nin Bolivya’da da 1964 ve 1971’de yap\u0131lan darbelerin ard\u0131ndan ba\u015fa ge\u00e7en askeri y\u00f6netimlere destek verdi\u011fi ve siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00fczerlerinde bask\u0131 kurdu\u011fu ifade ediliyor.Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 James F. Siekmeier, ABD-Bolivya ili\u015fkilerine dair kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yaz\u0131da, Washington’\u0131n 1950’lerin sonlar\u0131nda \u00fclkenin ordusuna yard\u0131mlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rma karar\u0131n\u0131n, bu orduyu 1964’te darbe yaparak \u00fclkeyi neredeyse 20 y\u0131l boyunca demokrasiden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak konusunda cesaretlendirdi\u011fini yazd\u0131.Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Bolivya kuvvetleri, ABD istihbarat\u0131n\u0131n da deste\u011fiyle 1967’de K\u00fcba’n\u0131n devrimci lideri Ernesto Che Guevara’y\u0131 yakalay\u0131p infaz etti.K\u00fcba’n\u0131n devrimci lideri Ernesto Che Guevara, infaz\u0131ndan \u00f6nce.Maduro mahkemeye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclendi: Bir aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksamas\u0131 dikkatlerden ka\u00e7mad\u01315 Ocak, PazartesiVenezuela lideri Maduro mahkemeye sevk edildi: New York’tan ilk g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler5 Ocak, PazartesiABD’li senat\u00f6rden skandal s\u00f6zler: Maduro bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de olabilirdi ama New York\u2019ta5 Ocak, Pazartesi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n Maduro\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131 iddias\u0131 sonras\u0131 y\u00fckselen gerilim, ABD\u2019nin Latin Amerika\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik tarihsel m\u00fcdahalelerini yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Bu m\u00fcdahalelerin zemini, 1823\u2019te Monroe Doktrini\u2019yle at\u0131ld\u0131 ve sonraki ba\u015fkanlarca me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren ABD, ideolojik tehditler ve ekonomik\u2013jeopolitik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak ad\u0131na \u00f6zellikle yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde asker\u00ee g\u00fcce daha s\u0131k ba\u015fvurdu.\u0130\u015fte K\u00fcba’dan Haiti’ye, Dominik’ten Brezilya’ya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":28434,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28433"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28435,"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28433\/revisions\/28435"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daktilock.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}